목 차
Ⅰ. 서론 ·······························································1
1. 악화되는 청년 여성들의 정신건강 지표 ·································1
2. 왜 ‘청년’, ‘여성’, ‘노동자’에 주목 하는가 ·······························1
3. ‘청년’, ‘여성’, ‘노동자’를 둘러싼 정세 ··································2
1) 신자유주의 이후의 여성노동의 현황 ···································2
2) COVID-19의 영향 ··················································2
3) 일터 내 젠더 규범 변화의 이행기 ·····································2
4. 연구의 필요성과 연구 목적 ···········································3
Ⅱ. 연구 방법 ·························································5
1. 연구 참여자 ·······················································5
2. 면담 질문 및 진행 ··················································6
3. 자료의 분석 ·······················································6
Ⅲ. 주요 노동 환경 문제들 ·············································10
1. 일터 내 ··························································10
1) 기존 조직의 불합리성 ············································10
2) 과도한 노동 강도 ················································13
3) 일터 내 젠더 차별과 불평등 ·······································14
4) 여성 배제 문화와 젠더 폭력 ·······································17
5) 건강 문제 ·······················································19
2. 사회 ·····························································21
1) 사회구조적 노동 조건의 차이 ······································21
2) 서비스직 노동의 취약성 ··········································23
3) 불안정 고용과 전망 ··············································25
Ⅳ. 노동환경에 대한 반응 ··············································27
1. 노동환경 문제에 대한 인식 ·········································27
1) 청년여성 문제에 대한 인식 ········································27
2) 남성 중심 일 문화 ···············································31
3) 위계적 문제 ·····················································35
2. 노동환경에 대한 대응 양상 ·········································38
1) 개인적 대응 ·····················································39
2) 집단적 대응 ·····················································45
3. 구조적 해결이 요원한 이유 ·········································45
1) 바뀌지 않는 구조적 문제 ··········································45
2) 동료의 부재 ·····················································50
3) 인식의 한계와 새로운 지점들 ······································51
4. 소결 ·····························································54
Ⅴ. 청년 여성의 정신건강 문제와 일터 환경 ·····························55
1. 서론 ·····························································55
2. 정신건강 문제의 원인 ··············································56
1) 일터 요인 ·······················································56
2) 사회 요인 ·······················································61
3) 정신건강에 대한 가능한 보호요인 ··································64
3. 정신건강 문제에 대한 이해당사자들의 대응 ···························65
1) 사측의 대처 ·····················································65
2) 청년 여성들의 개인적 대처 ········································66
3) 개인적 대처가 어려운 이유 ········································70
4) 집단적 대처의 부재 ··············································72
4. 소결 ·····························································72
Ⅵ. 대안 ·····························································74
1. 고용불안정성 해소 ·················································74
1) 법과 원칙의 준수 ················································74
2) 불법 파견 금지 ··················································75
3) 무분별한 폐업 제한 ··············································76
2. 주거 안정화 ······················································76
3. 일터 민주주의 ····················································77
1) 일터 민주주의의 필요성과 개념 ····································77
2) 일터 민주주의의 실현을 위한 제도와 실제 ··························78
3) 차별 없는 사회 ··················································82
4. 직업병으로서의 정신질환 ···········································84
1) 사업주의 법상 의무 ··············································84
2) 직무스트레스로 인한 정신건강 악화 예방 ···························85
Ⅶ. 결론 ·····························································87
※ 본 연구는 공감직업환경의학센터의 연구 지원을 받아 진행하였습니다.